Developmental Milestones for Fine and Gross motor and Speech
DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES
By the age of one
- Language
- Recognizes name
- Says 2-3 words besides “mama” and “dada”
- Imitates familiar words
- Understands simple instructions
- Recognizes words as symbols for objects: Car – points to garage, cat – meows
- Gross Motor – large muscle groups such as walking
- sits without support
- crawls
- pulls self to standing position and stands unaided
- walks with aid
- rolls a ball in imitation of adult
- Fine Motor – incorporates the small muscles such as handwriting
- reaches, grasps, puts object in mouth
- picks things up with pincer grasp (thumb and one finger)
- transfers object from one hand to the other
- drops and picks up toy
- Language
- Understands “no”
- Uses 10 to 20 words, including names
- Combines two words such as “daddy bye-bye”
- Waves good-bye and plays pat-a-cake
- Makes the “sounds” of familiar animals
- Gives a toy when asked
- Uses words such as “more” to make wants known
- Points to his or her toes, eyes, and nose
- Brings object from another room when asked
- Gross Motor – large muscle groups such as walking
- walks alone
- walks backwards
- picks up toys from floor without falling
- pulls toys, pushes toys
- seats self in child size chair
- walks up and down stairs with hand held
- moves to music
- Fine Motor – incorporates the small muscles such as handwriting
- builds tower of three small blocks
- puts four rings on stick
- places five pegs in pegboard
- turns pages two or three at a time
- scribbles
- turns knobs
- throws small ball
- paints with whole arm movement, shifts hands, makes strokes
Between two and three
- Language
- Identifies body parts
- Carries on ‘conversation’ with self and dolls
- Asks “what’s that?” And “where’s my?”
- Uses 2-word negative phrases such as “no want”
- Forms some plurals by adding “s”; book, books
- Has a 450 word vocabulary
- Gives first name, holds up fingers to tell age
- Combines nouns and verbs “mommy go”
- Understands simple time concepts: “last night”, “tomorrow”
- Refers to self as “me” rather than by name
- Tries to get adult attention: “watch me”
- Likes to hear same story repeated
- May say “no” when means “yes”
- Talks to other children as well as adults
- Solves problems by talking instead of hitting or crying
- Answers “where” questions
- Names common pictures and things
- Uses short sentences like “me want more” or “me want cookie”
- Matches 3-4 colors, knows big and little
- Gross Motor – large muscle groups such as walking
- runs forward well
- jumps in place with two feet together
- stands on one foot (with aid)
- walks on tiptoe
- kicks a ball forward
- Fine Motor – incorporates the small muscles such as handwriting
- strings four large beads
- turns single pages
- snips with scissors
- holds crayon with thumb and fingers (not fist)
- uses one hand consistently in most activities
- imitates circular, vertical, horizontal strokes
- paints with some wrist action; makes dots, lines, circular strokes
- rolls, pounds, squeezes, and pulls clay
- Language
- Can tell a story
- Has a sentence length of 4-5 words
- Has a vocabulary of nearly 1000 words
- Names at least one color
- Understands “yesterday,” “summer”, “lunchtime”, “tonight”, “little-big”
- Begins to obey requests like “put the block under the chair”
- Knows his or her last name, name of street on which he/she lives and several nursery rhymes
- Gross Motor – large muscle groups such as walking
- runs around obstacles
- walks on a line
- balances on one foot for five to ten seconds
- hops on one foot
- pushes, pulls, steers wheeled toys
- rides tricycle
- uses slide independently
- jumps over six inch high object and lands on both feet together
- throws ball overhead
- catches a bounce ball
- Fine Motor – incorporates the small muscles such as handwriting
- builds tower of nine small blocks
- drives nails and pegs
- copies circle
- imitates cross
- manipulates clay material (rolls balls, snakes, cookies)
- Language
- Has sentence length of 4-5 words
- Uses past tense correctly
- Has a vocabulary of nearly 1500 words
- Points to colors red, blue, yellow and green
- Identifies triangles, circles and squares
- Understands “In the morning” , “next”, “noontime”
- Can speak of imaginary conditions such as “I hope”
- Asks many questions, asks “who?” And “why?
- Gross Motor – large muscle groups such as walking
- walks backward toe-heel
- jumps forward 10 times without falling
- walks up and down stair independently, alternating feet
- turns somersault
- Fine Motor – incorporates the small muscles such as handwriting
- cuts on line continuously
- copies cross
- copies square
- prints a some capital letters
- Language
- Has a sentence length of 5-6 words
- Has a vocabulary of around 2000 words
- Defines objects by their use (you eat with a fork) and can tell what objects are made of
- Knows spatial relations like “on top”, “behind”, “far” and “near”
- Knows her address
- Identifies a penny, nickel and dime
- Knows common opposites like “big/little”
- Understands “same” and “different”
- Counts ten objects
- Asks questions for information
- Distinguished left and right hand in herself
- Uses all types of sentences, for example “let’s go to the store after we eat”
- Gross Motor – large muscle groups such as walking
- runs lightly on toes
- walks on balance beam
- can cover 2 meters hopping
- skips on alternate feet &; jumps rope
- Fine Motor – incorporates the small muscles such as handwriting
- cuts out simple shapes
- copies triangle
- traces diamond
- copies first name
- prints numerals 1 to 5
- colors within lines
- has adult (tripod) grasp of pencil
- hand dominance well established
- pastes and glues appropriately
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